Adaptation of the "Dark Triad" Questionnaire
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/sou.2022.20.25Keywords:
Short Dark Triad questionnaire, Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy, psychometric characteristicsAbstract
This paper presents the results of the adaptation of the Short Dark Triad (SD3, Jones, Paulhus, 2014) questionnaire on a sample of Georgian youth. The "Dark Triad" encompasses three negative traits – Machiavellianism, non-clinical Narcissism, and Psychopathy, which influence the development of self-concept, dynamics of interpersonal relationships, and career advancement. The idea of examining these three traits as a unified complex originated with Canadian researchers Paulhus and Williams (2002). The traits of the "Dark Triad" manifest similarly, but each contributes uniquely to antisocial behavior.
The study involved 464 participants, with a mean age of 21.4±6.2 years. It was shown that the structure of the Georgian version of the questionnaire largely corresponds to the original version. The internal consistency of the Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy scales exceeds 0.7. The correlation between the traits of the "Dark Triad" ranges from 0.30 to 0.43, which aligns with the results of other studies. When compared with dispositional personality traits ("Big Five"), theoretically expected relationships were confirmed: a negative correlation of all three scales (Machiavellianism, Narcissism, Psychopathy) with Agreeableness, Psychopathy with Conscientiousness, as well as a positive correlation between Narcissism and Extraversion, and Openness to Experience. Based on the questionnaire's fairly good psychometric properties, the developed Georgian version can be considered a reliable and valid psychodiagnostic tool. It can be used for both research and psychological counseling purposes.
References
Atari, M., & Chegeni, R. (2016). Assessment of dark personalities in Iran: Psychometric evaluation of the Farsi translation of the Short Dark Triad (SD3-F). Personality and Individual Differences, 102, , 111–117.
Copková, R., & Šafár, L. (2021). Psychometric Properties of the Slovak Version of Short Dark Triad. Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ., 11 , 649–666.
Czarna, A. Z., Jonason, P. K., Dufner, M., & Kossowska, M. (2016). The Dirty Dozen scale: Validation of a polish version and extension of the nomological net. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 455.
Furnham, A., Richards, S., & Paulhus, D. (2013). The Dark Triad of Personality: A 10 Year Review. Soc. Pers. Psychol. Compass, 7, 199–216.
Gamache, D., Savard, C., & Maheux-Caron, V. (2018). French adaptation of the Short Dark Triad: Psychometric properties and a head-to-head comparison with the Dirty Dozen. Personality and Individual Differences, 122, 164–170.
Gamache, D., Savard, C., & Maheux-Caron, V. (2014). French adaptation of the short dark triad: Psychometric properties and a head-to-head comparison with the dirty dozen. Personality and Individual Differences, 122 , 164–170.
Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. (2003). A Very Brief Measure of the Big Five Personality Domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504-528.
Hodson, G., Book, A., Visser, B. A., Volk, A. A., Ashton, M. C., & Lee, K. (2018). Is the Dark Triad common factor distinct from low Honesty-Humility? . Journal of Research in Personality, 73, , 123–129.
Jakobwitz, S., & Egan, V. (2006). The dark triad and normal personality traits. Pers. Individ. Differ., 40, 331–339.
Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The dirty dozen: a concise measure of the dark triad. Psychological Assessment, 22(2), 420–432.
Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The Dirty Dozen: A concise measure of the Dark Triad. . Psychological Assessment, 22, 420-432.
Jonason, P. K., Baughman, H. M., Carter, G. L., & Parker, P. (2015). Dorian Gray without his portrait: Psychological, social, and physical health costs associated with the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 78 , 5-13.
Jonason, P., & Davis, M. (2018). A gender role view of the Dark Triad traits. . Pers. Individ. Differ.,125, 102–105.
Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2009). Machiavellianism. В R. H. Leary, & H. (Eds.), Handbook of individual differences in social behavior (стр. 93-108). New York: NY: Guilford.
Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad ( SD3): A brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21, 28–41.
Malesza, M., Ostaszewski, P., Büchner, S., & Kaczmarek, M. C. (2017). The Adaptation of the Short Dark Triad Personality Measure – Psychometric Properties of a German Sample. Current Psychology, 1040-50.
McHoskey, J. (1995). Narcissism and Machiavellianism. Psychological Reports, 77(3), 755–759.
McHoskey, Worzel, & Szyarto (1998). Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 192–210.
Mejzlíková, T., Preiss, M., Malináková, J., Raisová, M., & Bolceková, E. (2018). Cesk ˇ á validizaˇcní studie škály Krátká temná trojice (Short Dark Triad, SD3). Appl. Psychol., 3, 255–270.
Muris, P., Meesters, C., & Timmermans, A. (2014). Some youths have a gloomy side: Correlates of the dark triad personality traits in nonclinical adolescents. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 44(5), 658–665.
Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., Otgaar, H., & Meijer, E. (2017). The malevolent side of human nature: A meta-analysis and critical review of the literature on the dark triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(2), 183-204.
Özsoy, E., Rauthmann, J. F., Jonason, P. K., & Ardıç, K. (2017). Reliability and validity of the Turkish versions of Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (DTDD-T), Short Dark Triad (SD3-T), and Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS-T). Personality and Individual Differences, 117, 11-14.
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy . Journal of Research in Personality, 36, 556-563.
Pineda, D., Sandín, B., & Muris, P. (2018). Psychometrics properties of the spanish version of two dark triad scales: The dirty dozen and the short dark triad. Current Psychology, 4, 11-22.
Ray, J. V., Hall, J., Rivera-Hudson, N., Poythress, N. G., Lilienfeld, S. O., & Morano, M. (2013). The relation between self-reported psychopathic traits and distorted response styles: A meta-analytic review. Personality disorders: disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 4, 1–14.
Shimotsukasa, T., & Oshio, A. (2016). Development and validation of the Japanese version of the Short Dark Triad (SD3-J): Comparing with the Japanese version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen. Personality and Individual Differences,101, 514.
Szabó, Z., Czibor, A., Neve, J., Restás, P., Hadarics, M., Szíjjártó, L., Bereczkei, T. (2021). Development of the hungarian version of the short dark triad questionnaire (SD3-HU): psychometric properties and validity. Current Psychology.
Verschuere, B., Uzieblo, K., De Schryver, M., Douma, H., Onraedt, T., & Crombez, G. (2014). The inverse relation between psychopathy and faking good: Not response bias, but true variance in psychopathic personality. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, 25(6), 705–713.
Zeigler-Hill, V. E., & Marcus, D. K. (2016). The dark side of personality: Science and practice in social, personality, and clinical psychology.Washington: American Psychological Association.
Zhang, J., Ziegler, M., & Paulhus, D. L. (2020). Development and evaluation of the short Dark Triad–Chinese version (SD3-C). Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues, 39(4) , 1161–1171.
Zinbarg, R., Revelle, W., Yovel, I., & Li, W. (2005). Cronbach’s α, Revelle’s β, and McDonald’s ωH: Their relations with each other and two alternative conceptualizations of reliability. . Psychometrika, 70(1) , 123–133.
Корниенко & Дериш (2019). Психометрические характеристики «Коро ткого опросника Темной триады». Вестник Пермского университета. Филосо¬фия. Психология. Социология. Вып. 4, 525–538.
Егорова, М., Ситникова, М., & Паршикова, О. (2015). Адаптация Короткого
опросника Темной триады. Психологические исследования.Т.8,№ 43, 1-15.
