სოციალური ქსელების საიტების გადაჭარბებული მოხმარება: ემპირიული კვლევების მიმოხილვა
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52340/sou.2022.20.24საკვანძო სიტყვები:
სოციალური ქსელების საიტების პრობლემური მოხმარება, კოგნიტურ-ქცევითი პარადიგმა, კომპენსატორული მოდელი,, არა¬რეა¬ლიზებული მოთხოვნილებები, ნეგატიური შედეგები, ფსიქოსოციალური პრობლემებიანოტაცია
ციფრული ტექნოლოგიების განვითარებამ ბევრი სიკეთე მოიტანა – უმრავლესობისათვის ინტერნეტი უმრავი შესაძლებლობის შემქმნელი საოცარი ინფორმაციული ინსტრუმენტია. მაგრამ უკანასკნელი ორი ათწლეულის მანძილზე ჩატარებულმა მრავალმა კვლევამ აჩვენა, რომ ამ ტექნოლოგიების გადაჭარბებულ მოხმარებას მოჰყვება არაერთი ნეგატიური შედეგი – ფსიქოპათოლოგიური სიმპტომები, ჯანმრთელობის პრობლემები, სოციალური თუ პროფესიული დარღვევები და სხვ., ანუ სიმპტომები, რომელიც ტრადიციულად უკავშირდება ფსიქოაქტიურ ნივთიერებათა მოხმარებას ან აზარტულ თამაშებს.
სტატიაში წარმოდგენილია სოციალური ქსელების საიტების გადაჭარბებული მოხმარების საკითხისადმი მიძღვნილი უცხოური ლიტერატურის მიმოხილვა, რომელმაც აჩვენა, რომ მიუხედავად იმისა, რომ ინტერნეტის გადაჭარბებული მოხმარებით გამოწვეული ფსიქიკური ჯანმრთელობის პრობლემები საკამათო აღარ არის, კონსენსუსი ამ ფენომენის კონცეპტუალიზაციასა და დიაგნოსტიკასთან დაკავშირებით მიღწეული ვერ იქნა, რის გამოც ის ადიქციად არ იქნა აღიარებული არც DSM-5-სა და არც ICD-11-ს მიერ. ადიქციის კონცეფციის ალტერნატიული მიდგომაა პრობლემური მოხმარების თეორია, რომლის ფარგლებში ფენომენი განიხილება არა როგორც პათოლოგია, კლინიკური დარღვევა, არამედ უფრო ნეგატიური შედეგების გამომწვევი კოგნიციები და ქცევა, ანუ კოგნიტურ-ქცევითი პარადიგმა – თვითრეგულაციის პრობლემა.
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